Balesang's Animism

The Kaili - Tomini - Totoli group has a slightly different language from the Kaili & Ledo groups, different because of the mixture of sub-tribes. The Kaili - Tomini - Totoli group itself has a sub-tribe, namely the Balesang tribe. The Dondo tribe is an ethnic group that inhabits the Dondo, Galang & Baolan sub-districts in Buol Tolitoli district, Central Sulawesi province, Indonesia. This ceremony had previously stopped for 11 years & was carried out again in 2016.

By observing various important events in the various Kingdoms, which generally grew & developed since the 16th - early 20th centuries, the view of national history as a whole will become more complete. In both inscriptions, the name of Paduka Parameswara Sri Wijayarajasa is listed, he was based in Wengker. Apart from being known as Sri Kresna Kepakisan, he is also referred to as I Dewa Wawu Rawuh.

It is also mentioned that Mpu Tantular was the son of Mpu Bahula, while Mpu Tantular's grandfather was Mpu Pradah who succeeded in subduing the supernatural powers of a widow from Jirah village. It's just that several names were added, such as the name Mpu Bahula which was added to become Mpu Bahula Candra. Regarding the year of Sri Kresna Kapakisan's reign, various sources also provide different information, namely 1350 - 1380 according to Babad Buleleng, 1349 - 1383 according to Babad Arya Kutawaringin & 1352 - 1380 according to Babad Dalem.

His title after becoming the new ruler was Dalem Ketut

Smara Kapakisan. Meanwhile, the Kingdom centered in Samprangan began to be forgotten by people. According to the same source, Dalem Ketut Smara Kapakisan was replaced by his crown prince who was titled Dalem Batur Enggong / Sri Waturenggong in 1458.

In the religious field, a priest from Java named Danghyang Nitartha came. At that time he was still not an adult so in running the Kingdom's government he was accompanied by his uncles, such as I Dewa Nusa, Gedong Artha & Anggungan. The rebellious Patih turned out to be in league with the King's own uncle, namely 1 Dewa Anggungan.

Because of that, they appointed his younger brother named I Dewa Anom Seganing as the new King. In February 1597, 3 Dutch ships arrived under the leadership of Aernodt Lintgens. Also participating in the expedition were Emanual Roodenburch & a Portuguese named Joan de Portuguese who was recruited as a translator.

The second ship anchored in Kuta, while the third landed in Labuan Amuk. This time the visit was semi-official because it brought a letter from Prince Maurits, the leader of the Bataafse Republic, which contained an invitation to foster friendship. The second VOC envoy arrived in 1651, led by Jacob Bacherach.

The enthronement of I Gusti Anglurah Ketut Karang took place in 1660 / 1661. Realizing the movement that wanted to overthrow him, Ida I Dewa Anom Pemahyun agreed to resign to Purasi village in 1665. I Dewa Dimade, who later held the title Dalem Dimade, replaced his brother as King.

However, the King managed to escape & settle in Guliang village, Bangli. This information seems less reliable because based on other reliable sources, Gianyar was established later, namely in the second half of the 17th century. According to the Babad source, the ancestors of the rulers of Badung can be traced to Dewa Made from Tabanan.

In his exile, Sri Magada Nata

married the daughter of Bandesa Pucangan & was blessed with a son named Kyai Wuruju / Ketut Bandesa with the title Arya Notor Wandira. Arya Notor Wandira / Kyai Pucangan

married a woman from Buwahan village & was blessed with 2 sons, namely Kyai Gede Raka Rai. Arya Notor Wandira wanted to hold the reins of government until he finally

meditated on Mount Beratan & Batukaru.

Furthermore, it is narrated that Arya Notor Wandira served in the Kingdom of

Tegeh Kori which was ordered by his uncle, Kyai Anglurah Tegeh Kori. After some time, Arya Notor Wandira was replaced by his son, Kyai Gede Raka. He was replaced again by his son Kyai Bebed, who was instrumental in quelling the rebellion of Kyai Ngurah Janggaran until he was awarded the title Kyai Jambe Pule / Biket.

Kyai Jambe Pule had several children, the most prominent of whom were Kyai Anglurah Jambe Merik / Mihik & Kyai Ketut Pemedilan / Macan Gading. Kyai Jambe Merik was famous for his skill in playing blowpipes, so he was given the title Kyai Hyang Anulup. That is why he was nicknamed Arya Wagus Alit.

His younger brother, Kyai Pemedilan, was famous for his skill in playing his magic whip. Kyai Anglurah Tegeh Kori intended to marry his daughter named

Kyai Luh Tegeh to Kyai Jambe Merik. Kyai Anglurah Jambe Aji was replaced by his son, Kyai Anglurah Jambe

Ksatrya.

Hearing that he was sentenced to death, I Gusti Ngurah Rai fled to

the Mataram Kingdom in Lombok. However, he died in Cedok

Andoga, east of Batu Klotok Temple. He was replaced by his son, Kyai Anglurah Pemecutan Sakti, with the title 3.

He had a son named Sang Arya Mecutan Bhija, who replaced him. his as Anglurah Pemecutan 5. Arya Ngurah Gede Raka then replaced his father with the title Kyai Anglurah Pemecutan 6. Kyai Anglurah Pemecutan 6 married Made Pemecutan's sister & had a son who would later replace him as 7.

After he died, he was given the title Mur Ring Gedong. Then Kyai Anglurah Gede Oka was appointed as Pemecutan

8 replacing his father-in-law. Finally, it was decided that the son of Kyai

Agung Lanang Pemecutan named I Gusti Lanang Pemecutan / Ngurah Agung Pemecutan was appointed as his successor with the title Kyai Anglurah Pemecutan 9.

The son of Agung Gede Lanang & Sagung Adi was rescued in Munggu village. The one who should have the right to replace him was his son

I Gusti Alit Ngurah. His replacement was his son I Gusti Ngurah Agung, who was replaced again by Mayun.

The replacement for I Gusti Ngurah Mayun was his son, Made

Kesiman. Meanwhile, the genealogy made by Prof. Hans Higerdhal states that Dewa Gede Prasi, also called Ngurah Den Bancingah, is the son of Sang Angga Tirtha. He was replaced by his son, Dewa Putra Prasi.

Furthermore, Dewa Putra Prasi was replaced by his son, Kompiang Prasi. The abhiseka title is I Dewa Gde Den Bancingah. I Dewa Anom Rai is said to be able to know other people's secrets thanks to the spirit of someone named Pan Mongsor.

This woman came from the village of Panji and served as a servant at the Palace of King Dalem Seganing. The girl managed to influence the King to appoint her brother Ketut Sara as PM & remove Made Pasek. After being entertained & equipped with weapons, they returned secretly to Tamanbali.

He was replaced by his crown prince, I Dewa Gede Anom Teka. When Si Luh Pasek was pregnant, she was handed over to the King's servant Arya Jelantik Bogol as a reward for her loyalty. His territory expanded and finally, he built a government center in Sukasada.

In addition, he also built a palace complex on a former corn field, called Beleleng. Meanwhile, the son of I Gusti Ngurah Jelantik named Banjar was appointed as patih in Bangkang. The battle broke out in Bukti village and the Karangasem troops suffered defeat until I Gusti Lanang Paguyangan was forced to withdraw to Selat village.

He even went so far as to marry his own sister named I Gusti Ayu Gabrug, which was a forbidden act. The ancestor of the King of Jembrana was Gusti Nginte, who was the patih in Gelgel. He had a son named Gusti Agung Widya.

His successor was his son, Gusti Gede Giri. Agung Anom moved to Blayu village and became the ruler there. Agung Anom / Gusti Agung of course accompanied his father-in-law. For example, in 1711 - 1712, 1714 & 1718 he was in Blambangan, to ensure that the area remained loyal to him.

To establish & secure his power, Agung Anom then held the title Cokorda Gusti Agung of the Mengwi Kingdom in 1717. However, the use of this title did not reduce the resistance of his enemies until he died in 1722. King Agung Anom was replaced by his son, Agung Alangkajeng.

Like his father, Agung Alangkajeng made a holy journey/pilgrimage to the former center of the Majapahit government which was believed to be their ancestor. However, this pilgrimage did not fail completely because they had time to hold a big ceremony at Semeru, a mountain considered sacred by Hindus. The trigger for the battle was the seizure of the village of Banjarambengan.

This opportunity was used by Gusti Kamasan, the ruler of Sibang & also the son of Agung Anom, to raise a rebellion against Alangkajeng. A power struggle broke out in Tabahan in 1793. The two kingdoms suspected each other built forts and placed spies along the Sungi river border.

Finally, the one who was chosen as Ayu Oka's successor was her grandson, Gusti Alit Raka, with the title Agung Ngurah Made Agung. There was a power struggle between the son of the deceased King and his uncle, Gusti Ngurah Gede Kesiman. Agung Kerug, the eldest son of Gusti Made Raka turned against his father and sided with the King.

Nevertheless, they managed to establish their position in the village of Abiansemal. Made Ringkus temporarily lived in the Taman Ayun location, while his younger brother was given the task of ruling Blahkiuh. He married the widow of Kyai Anglurah Jambe Ksatria.

When he died in 1806, there was a problem of succession to power. Ja had an illicit marriage with his own younger sister, I Gusti Ayu Gabrug. Still, according to the same source, Anak Agung Gde Sloka ruled accompanied by his brother Anak Agung Made Ngurah Bengkol as the young king.

In

1808, they together attacked the Bugis position in Loloan which resulted in the death of Patimi. The Babad opens by telling the story of a figure named Bhatara Subali who was a brother of Bhatara Sekar Angsana. Once, a powerful priest named Sang Reverend Wawu Rawuh visited Bhatara Subali in Tolangkir.

That's why, when he arrived at the Malangit ravine, he stuck his stick into the rock and clear, fragrant water gushed out. Because of its fragrant water, the newly created spring was named Tirta Arum. He then ordered his brother, Sanghyang Aji Jayarembat, to guard the spring.

He then sent his followers to investigate the Jarakbang forest. Before leaving, he ordered that his son be named Ki Dewa Garbhajata and handed over a sacred keris named Si Lobar, to be handed over to his son when he was an adult. He had a son, I Dewa Gede Ngurah Pamecutan, who then gave birth to Anom.

I Dewa Gede Tangkeban had several sons, namely Pring, Prasi, Pindi, Kaler, Batanwani, Pulasari, Mundung, Kliki, and Gede Anom Teka. After Dewa Gede Tangkeban died, he was replaced by his son Anom Teka. His brother died in 1828 and was then replaced by Anak Agung Njoman Madangan.

This condition lasted until 1849. However, the slave trade continued until 1860. The eldest son of the King replaced his father with the title Gusti Ngurah Agung.

As a replacement, I Gusti Agung Made Rai was appointed and ruled until 1906. Initially, when he held the position of regent in 1908, he held the title

Anak Agung Bagus Jelantik 1. It seems that this King is the same as Gusti Putu Ngurah Sloka / Anak Agung Putu Ngurah.

Meanwhile, his wife

& adopted son named I Gusti Oka fled to Budakeling village, the residence of Dang Hyang Astapaka. I Gusti Nyoman

Karang had a son, I Gusti Anglurah Ketut Karang. In addition, he also financed several people to perform the pilgrimage to Mecca.

One of them was named Yap Sian Liat, a builder who was later appointed by the King as harbor master in Pasir Putih. But in 1901

a new regulation was issued that the previous restrictions no longer applied. It was Agung Gede Agung's turn to be dismissed in 1911.

He became a crown prince without a position until he died in 1920. As a result, Ketut Sandi was transferred in 1921. Whether because of the power of the holy water he sprinkled or not, it turned out that the rice harvest in 1937 was very abundant.

The heir of Gusti Ketut Agung was his son, Cokorda Gede Oka. He had been a servant & resigned in 1950. The forerunner of the Nyalian Kingdom was the son of I Dewa Gede Tangkeban named

I Dewa Pring was ordered to rule the village of Nyalian.

His crown prince,

Dewa Agung Ketut Agung replaced him with the title Dewa Agung Putra 3 Bhatara Dalem. Next, he had the son of I Dewa Gereh / Garthajata, who gave birth to Gde Oka / Tangkeban. The ancestor of the Payangan Kingdom was Dewa Agung Pemayun, who was the older brother of Jambe, the first King of the Klungkung Kingdom.

He was then replaced by his son Cokorda Anom, who was titled Dewa Agung Anom. Because he had no sons, one of his adopted children, Cokorda Putu Melinggih, was appointed as his successor. However, this marriage did not produce any sons until finally Cokorda Oka, one of the sons of the King's concubine, was appointed as his successor.

Arya Kenceng married the daughter of a Brahmana from Ketepeng Reges. This marriage was blessed with 3 daughters, the eldest married Sri Kresna Kepakisan, while the youngest married Sri Arya Sentong. In addition, Arya Kenceng also had sons named Dewa Raka, Made & Kyai Tegeh Kori.

During this hermitage, Sri Magada Nata married the daughter of Bandesa Pucangan & was blessed with a son named Kyai Ketut Bandesa with the title Arya Notor Wandira. When his queen Gusti Ayu Pamadekan died, the King felt so sad that he fell ill & his whole body was attacked by fungus. Therefore, the King resigned & handed over the affairs of government to his two sons, Ki Gusti Wayahan Pamadekan and Made Pamadekan.

He then married several women & had children Ki Gusti Bola, Made, Wongaya, Kukuh, Kajianan, Berengos, Gusti Luh Kukuh, Kukub, Dawuh Tanjung, Tangkas & Ketut. During his reign

there was a dispute between Kyai Ngurah Tamu from Pacung against Ayunan who ruled the Perean area. The son of Da Gusti Nisweng Penida named Ki Gusti Alit Dauh

escaped & hid in Slingsing because he was afraid of being killed by Nengah Malkangin.

One of the important events that occurred was the rebellion of Ki Gusti Nyoman Telabah who ruled in the Tuakilang area. Meanwhile, his son with a concubine in Lod Rurung named Gusti Ngurah Gde was given power over the Royal Palace in Kurambitan with the title Cokorda Gde Banjar. Sri Ngurah Sekar was replaced by his eldest son, Ki Gusti Ngurah Gde / Gusti Ngurah Agung, with the title Cokorda Gde Ratu Singasana. Because his son was not yet an adult, Ki Gusti Ngurah Gde was replaced by his younger brother, Made. After Ki Gusti Ngurah Made died, his eldest son, Kyai Buruan, replaced him. The running of the government was still assisted by Ki Gusti Mas, son of Ngurah Anom.

As a result, a civil war arose between Kyai Burwan & I Gusti Rai from Penebel. He was proficient in philosophy and was able to read Arabic, and Malay & also speak both languages. His three sons, each named I Gusti Ngurah Anom, Putu Konol & Pegeng, also accompanied the group.

Until the specified deadline, the Jagaraga fortress had not been demolished. He was attracted to a beautiful girl named Ni Desak Ayu Gedong, the daughter of I Dewa Gedong Artha. This marriage later produced a son named I Dewa Anom Kuning because of his yellowish skin.

I Dewa Anom Kuning is also called Dewa Manggis Kuning. After days of walking through the bushes, Dewa Manggis Kuning and Gusti Ayu Pahang arrived at the Bengkel forest. The marriage between Dewa Manggis Kuning and Gusti Ayu Pahang was blessed with a son named Dewa Manggis Pahang who would later replace his father.

They later became the ancestors of the nobility who inhabited Puri Abianbase & Bitera. Their eldest son was named Dewa Manggis Jorog. The prohibition of slavery by the British government was a heavy economic blow to the Kings.

King Dewa Manggis V, who was 60 years old at the time, welcomed them warmly but refused to discuss matters related to politics. This was in contrast to the Europeans who, under the guise of trading, tried to instill their political power & if necessary violence. The colonial ambitions were finally realized when a ship named Sri Kumala ran aground in the waters of Sanur.

Koopman told Markus that the Balinese Kings did not have the authority to abolish the customs that the coastal residents had inherited from their ancestors. Faced with this failure, the governor-general sent another mission in early May 1845. Thus, his authority increased until he was finally considered a King & was also nicknamed Dewa Manggis Sakti.

After he died, his son who was titled Dewa Manggis in Rangki ascended the throne to replace him. However, he did not rule for long and died in 1896. He studied at HIS and continued his studies at MULO Yogyakarta and MOSVIA Magelang.

However, he left education in 1941 and entered the military. This school was later called Neutrale Hollands Inlandse School, which emphasized that this educational institution was not based on any religion and that every level of society could enter it regardless of their beliefs. That is why this school was also called Siladarma.

The building was later named Amsterdam, which in the local pronunciation is Muaskerdam. It turned out that the resident became angry at the smell of cheap perfume and shouted that the room smelled like a brothel in Singapore. The colonial government troops continued their journey to Kusamba.

The first was under the leadership of Michiel himself with the target of Goa Lawah, while the rest were led by Lieutenant Colonel van Swieten. He was immediately evacuated to Padang Bai and put on the warship Etma. He yearned for a position like his ancestors when they were still ruling in Gelgel when they were truly the political and spiritual rulers of all of Bali.

If Dewa Agung Putra 3 wanted to revive the power of his ancestors, he had to conquer the surrounding Kingdoms with military force. He felt that the placement of a resident was contrary to his intention to restore the power of his ancestors. During the Japanese occupation, the King remained the highest ruler in his Kingdom, only his title was replaced with the term suco.

Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung was then asked to work at the Minseibu office located in Singajara. In October 1947, this cabinet was replaced by the Warrow cabinet & Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung returned to serve as Minister of Home Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister. The cabinet led by Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung served until

19 - 12 - 1948.

In August 1955, the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet was formed & Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung was appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs. He held this position until the fall of the cabinet in March 1956. This fact ended the hopes of Puri Mayun's descendants to revive their ancestral kingdom.

Gusti Putu Mayun, who was already old, finally moved to Jakarta to avoid people who held a grudge against him after an attempted assassination.