Religion Realm

1971. The Center for Historical & Cultural Research in the 1976/1977 budget year started an activity called a research project and recording of regional culture. The specific objective of this research & recording of regional customs is to produce information that can be presented to the Indonesian nation. Each research member is responsible for 1 district, except Banggai where data collection is carried out by someone responsible for the team. In 1981/1982 the recording of the cultural system will reveal the material-building culture which is one of the results of human creation. It takes at least 3.5 hours to travel to the Tajio tribe settlement in Alindau village, having to cross the river up to 3 times, passing through forests with muddy & sandy roads, and not infrequently having to meet snakes on the side of the road. This tribe lives in the mountains between the Sindue Tobata sub-district, Donggala district & Toribulu sub-district, and Parigi Moutong district. Oes...

This is based on their story that there used to be a man named Sae Mandulang who lived in the Taipa Obal area. He married a woman named Yele Lumut who came out of a rock. However, since the 1980s, this pattern has slowly changed. Then just leave it for 2 nights. Even though they already adhere to a monotheistic religion, they still respect and maintain the belief system of their ancestors, including the matter of their origin as explained above. King Tongka Alah is an intermediary between the spirits of the dead and the living. They also believe in the existence of spirits who are also believed to have duties in the world of the living and help the lives of the Lauje tribe. So the success or failure of humans in farming is determined by these spirits. The Lauje people usually ask for blessings from these spirits before carrying out certain activities around their homes. This traditional institution exists to regulate how society acts and behaves according to the customary rules that ha...

According to Peirce, the word semiotics has been used since the 18th century by German philosopher Lambert, Peirce proposed the word semiotics as a synonym for logic. Bhinneka is a single symbolic statement about the nation of Indonesia's cultural diversity. The literal meaning of this sentence is different, but 1. In field research on the cultural system of isolated communities in Central Sulawesi conducted by Anrini Sofion & Tri Choesianto, the Lauje people are estimated to not only live in other sub-districts in Donggala Regency, but some even live in Poso & Banggai Regency. Through this kind of research, researchers can also get closer to their own country's culture which is often forgotten / unconsciously forgotten & more busy imitating Western culture, Depdikbud. The stage of compiling & field research to obtain the data needed in this thesis began in September - October 2017. Asrul stated that in the period before the entry of Islam & Christianity, tr...

Indonesia has diverse ethnic groups wrapped in local traditions and customs. The north is bordered by the sea. The south is bordered by the village of Ogowele. The west is bordered by the village of Bambapun. This group is usually named after the name of the river where they live, such as Salungan, Ogomolobu, Oyom & Kambuno. However, many Dondo tribes still practice animism, especially those who live in the mountains. However, many Dondo tribes still practice animism, especially those who live in the mountains. Animism according to Koentjaraningrat is a belief that considers that everything that moves is considered alive & has supernatural powers / has a spirit that is good or bad. The grave is in the family's yard & family members say goodbye to the spirit of the body by sleeping around the grave for several days. The grave is in the family's yard & family members say goodbye to the spirit of the body by sleeping around the grave for several days. This ceremony...

The Taa tribe lives in the Banggai district. The Taa tribe 1919 was included in the Baree tribe area, but the Taa tribe because there are so many differences in language & dialect with the Baree tribe, the Taa tribe chose to form their own tribe that separated from the Baree tribe area which was then named the Taa tribe. The Taa tribe is different from the To Wana tribe, the Taa tribe is the indigenous population & lives in a region namely in the Bongka & Ampana regions and the To Wana tribe always move from place to place, the Taa and To Wana tribes in the Tojo Kingdom area believe in the spirit of Tanoana & are now Muslim.

As proof, in the Bobo area to Bangga, many corals and coastal / seagrasses are found. The shape of the city of Pitunggota / Patanggota is based on the vast area of ​​the Kingdom which has many representatives of soki from several corners. However, most of the Kings fought against the Dutch army, they fought & were not willing to be colonized by the Dutch. Judging from the shape of the face, some of the Daa tribe resemble Papuans, who are among the early migration groups from the African continent. However, social services have moved some Daa people to the lowlands since the 1970s. The Daa tribe began to be settled by the Social Service in the lowlands around 1986, settlements in this permanent village were carried out on the grounds of reducing shifting agricultural activities that had the potential to reduce the area of ​​protected forests. The dryland rice planting cycle is once a year for harvest. Before the entry of religion into the Kaili land, the Kaili tribe still adhered to...

Indonesia, which consists of tens of thousands of islands and hundreds of ethnic groups, is a country with the highest heterogeneity on earth, and it has a cultural diversity that reflects the extraordinary wealth of the nation. These beliefs can be in the form of beliefs in God Almighty, beliefs in Gods, spirits, ancestors, supernatural objects, magical powers, etc. In addition, until now they still maintain noble values ​​and carry out the traditions inherited from their ancestors, one of which is a ritual related to their lives. According to I Made Suarsana, belief is a system of human behavior to achieve a certain purpose by relying on the will and power of creatures such as spirits, Gods, etc. They believe that the universe is a place for good and evil spirits to live, which can influence human life. They believe their ancestors are still present in this world and can provide assistance and guidance in everyday life. They believe that every event and activity must begin with praye...

Are you curious to know how the lives of our ancestors developed in prehistoric times? Kjokkenmoddinger is a term derived from Danish, namely kjokken, which means kitchen, and modding, which means garbage. So, kjokkenmoddinger actually means kitchen waste. Kjokkenmoddinger is kitchen waste from the Mesolithic era found along the east coast of Sumatra. This was studied by Dr. PV van Stein Callenfels in 1925 & according to his research, human life at that time depended on catching snails and shellfish because the garbage of both animals was found as high as 7 m. This advanced hunting & gathering period is estimated to have taken place during the Mesolithic period, which was marked by a change in tradition from initially gathering food to producing their own food. Still, they were not yet fully able to meet all their food needs because their tools, namely pebble hand axes, could only be used to loosen the soil by farming by gardening. In ancient times, it is estimated that the Ben...

Other tribes from Sulawesi include the Maiwa tribe. This research and writing have never been written in the form of a research report. There is only the history of Gowa, Bone & Wajo written by Abdul Rasak Daeng Patunru, but in its presentation, it does not explain the Japanese era and the physical revolution. This district is bordered to the north by the Thna Toraja district, to the east by the Luwu district, to the south by the Sidenreng Rappang district, and to the west by the Pinrang district. The table above shows that the Alla sub-district has a high population density, reaching 244 iiwa / km. This fairly long period of approximately 500 years is divided into several periods in detail. Thmboro Langiq married Sanda Biliq, a water genie woman from the Saqdang River. Of the children of Thmboro Langiq & Sanda Biliq, only Puang Sanda Boro is known to have married a genie woman named Tobuqtu Ribatang. From this marriage was born a son named Lakipada, the man whose wife disappea...

In the 18th century, sea trade was prevalent. This maritime knowledge was inherited from the Austronesian era. The majority did not know God & traditional animism beliefs were still strong. The Mandar tribe has three beliefs: animism, Islam, and a mixture of animism and Islam. Animism is not prohibited as long as it does not conflict with Islamic law. Even the mixture of these two beliefs produces rituals with prayers from the Quran.

Although the rituals created ties between villages, there was great diversity in dialects, social hierarchies, and ritual practices in the highlands of Sulawesi. The event was documented by National Geographic and broadcast in several European countries. Western tourists were encouraged to visit the Stone Age villages and ancient burial grounds. Schools were established and teachers were brought in from Sangihe Talaud and Ambon. In 1970, Aluk Todolo was protected by the state and officially categorized as Hindu, often referred to as Hindu Alukta. This migration occurred until 1985. The Indonesian government has recognized Aluk To Dolo / Hindu Alukta as part of Hinduism in Indonesia. They still adhere to animism and have not been touched by the outside world. Relationships between families are expressed through blood, marriage, and sharing ancestral homes, practically marked by the exchange of buffalo and pigs in rituals. Rituals related to the tongkonan are very important in the spirit...

Indonesia is a country that shows the diversity of geographical conditions and lifestyles and the nature of a multi-ethnic society. One of the riches and attractions of the Indonesian archipelago is its cultural diversity. In that year, the Portuguese landed and visited to meet the King of Gowa. From East Asia such as China, the Moors from North Africa & Yemen from the Middle East. This kingdom also faced a terrible war with the Dutch until its fall due to the Dutch pitting against the conquered Kingdom. Several central figures of Gowa who refused to surrender such as Karaeng Galesong, Bontomarannu, Karunrung, Sultan Harun al Rasyid Raja Tallo & Daeng Mangalle migrated to Java. This village later gave birth to the Karaeng Aji generation named Tun Abdul Razak & Najib Razak as PM of Malaysia. In the land of Pagoda Thailand in 1686 by Daeng Mangalle with the name Makkasan in the heart of Bangkok's capital. With the enactment of Law No. 22 of 1999 which mandates regional an...

Several fragment artifacts were found in the Walanae and Maros river valleys, which are estimated to date from between 40,000 and 19,000 BC. The skeletons are estimated to be more than 7200 years old. These Austronesian people later mixed with the Indigenous population and became the direct ancestors of the tribes in South Sulawesi, including the Bugis tribe. The ancestral land of the Bugis tribe is located around Lake Tempe and Sidenreng in the Walannae depression on the southwest peninsula of Sulawesi. This is where the ancestors of the current Bugis tribe settled, possibly in the mid-to-late second millennium BC. Estimated to date between 4000 and 2000 BC, these seeds are likely related to the arrival of their Austronesian ancestors in the region / among the earlier Toalean hunter-gatherer society. There are many respected shipbuilding centers in the region, including Ara, the land of Lemo & Bira. Writing in the lontara script probably first appeared around 1400. In the 14th cen...

He ended his life at the foot of a hill near the village of Kassi Pute. Usually, the engagement period is between 1 and 7 years. In the Moronene community, traditional expressions are seen as sacred because they are closely related to humans' religious nature. Until now, there are still groups of people who believe in supernatural powers that will help if a disaster strikes, and this is inseparable from the influence of animism and dynamism beliefs. In the Moronene community, traditional expressions are seen as something related to the atmosphere of sacredness because it is closely related to the religious nature of humans & until now there are still groups of people who believe in supernatural powers that can help if a disaster strikes and this is inseparable from the influence of animism & dynamism beliefs. However, traditional beliefs are still fundamental, especially beliefs in evil spirits. The function of storing aims so that the younger generation can know & unde...

Herawati, a researcher from the Eijkman Research Institute, hypothesized that the spread of Austronesian speakers in the archipelago occurred around 5,000 - 7,000 BC to the south. The latest genetic studies show that the genetics of Indonesian humans today are mostly mixed, originating from 2 / more ancestral populations. This body posture is a characteristic of the Polynesian tribe that inhabits the islands of Flores & Maluku. The remains of the history of the Negroid race civilization can be seen in the cave wall paintings spread across the Kawuna - Wuna area. Koasi says the prehistoric paintings in the Liangkobhori cave complex are over 25,000 years old. Kapitalao matagholeo is based in the Loghia area & kapitalao kansoopa is based in the Wasolangka area. La Ode Saete holds the title Omputo Sorano Masigi, against the Dutch. However, in the end, the Sultan of Buton still made the eternal agreement in 1613 under the leadership of Sultan Dayanu Iksanudin alias Laelangi. After s...

Most of the population inhabiting the province of Southeast Sulawesi are local Indigenous tribes, including the Wolio tribe. Before converting to Islam, the Buton people believed in animism and dynamism. They were also influenced by Hindu-Buddhist beliefs. However, the older generation still believes in supernatural things brought by their ancestors. This food is usually present during Eid al-Fitr and Adha. This tradition is carried out in the month of Syawal. This tradition begins with tarawih prayers at exactly 24.00, then continues with qunut prayers, and closes with sahur together.

Most of the population inhabiting the province of Southeast Sulawesi are local indigenous tribes, including the Banggai tribe. The activities still found today are hunting, especially in the Peleng Island area in the interior. While to get to their place it takes 4 days of land travel, traveling 80 - 100 km. They still adhere to animism and believe in the power of spirits & other inanimate objects. Not just worshiping ancestral spirits that cannot guarantee their lives in the afterlife. Christianity was first spread by missionaries from the Netherlands, namely AC Cruyt & Adrian in the Poso area and the southern part of Donggala. While Hinduism & Buddhism were brought by transmigrants from Bali and West Indonesia. Before this alian ideology, the Sampekonan community adhered to animism, dynamism & mysticism, until the entry of Haji Ali Taetang to Sampekonan. Still, Ali Taetang brought the alian ideology as a new stream of Islam. Before the new name was announced as Zikrul...

In 1275, 1 Kertanagara army departed from the port of Tuban. In 1286, Kertanagara ordered the transport of a collection of works obtained by people in the Jambi area to Melayu. Kertanagara's intention was clear: to establish 1 Javanese Kingdom in Central Sumatra, which would become the center of Javanese culture on the island. In the northern part of the Malacca peninsula, the newly established Siamese Kingdom had captured part of the Sriwijaya area. In Aceh, new kingdoms had also begun to emerge, for example, the Perlak Kingdom and the Samudra Pasai Sultanate. The first Sipanjonga group, with Sijawangkati as the head, made the first landing in Kalaupa, a coastal area of the King of Tobo—Tobo, while Simalui and Sitamanajo landed in Walalogusi. At the time of the first landing, Sipanjonga raised the flag of his Kingdom in a place not far from Kalampa, a sign of his greatness. This hill was later famous as Lelemangura. With the existence of the Sijawangkai Dungkusangia peace, the Tob...

Most of the population inhabiting the province of Southeast Sulawesi are local indigenous tribes, including the Tolaki tribe. The name of the Tolaki tribe comes from the word to = person / human, laki = male gender, so it means a human with high masculinity, is brave & upholds honor/self-esteem. Inside the cave are stored many artifacts, including human skulls, work tools such as hunting tools, objects of worship, jars, pottery, porcelain made by China, Thailand, VOC, Dutch East Indies, worship stones, there are several pictures/scenes such as animals, palms, hunting, canoes/boats, humans, statues, terracotta, etc. According to the speakers of the King's genealogy, until now there are still remnants of the small Kingdom, both archaeological and ethnographic relics, for example, the ruins of the Wawolesea King's Palace in Toreo. Furthermore, Totongano Wonua moved the center of his Kingdom from Padangguni to Unaaha, because when Totongano Wonua made a trip in order to unite t...

Meanwhile, other regional languages ​​that are also used by certain community groups in the Gorontalo province are Bajo & Minahasa. The Bajau tribe has spread to Sabah, various regions of Indonesia & the Philippines such as the Sulu Islands for hundreds of years. The Muslim Bajau tribe is the last wave of migration from the north of Kalimantan that entered the coast of East Kalimantan to South Kalimantan & occupied the surrounding islands, before the arrival of the Muslim tribe from the Bugis group, namely the Bugis, and Mandar tribes.